This work evaluated the structure of dreams in people affected by schizophrenia. The verbal reports of 123 schizophrenic patients were compared with 123 dream reports from a control group. In accordance with the Jungian conceptualization of, dreams as texts, dream reports were assessed using textual analysis processing techniques.Significant differences were found in textual parameters, showing that the dreams reports of schizophrenic patients differ from those of the control group. It is thus possible that schizophrenia probably underlies changes in the oneiric (...) production and dream reports. This work confirms the value of textual analysis in the study of oneiric material. (shrink)

Introduction: Novel coronavirus is having a devastating psychological impact on patients, especially patients with cancer. This work aims to evaluate mood disorders of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy during COVID-19 in comparison with cancer patients who underwent radiation therapy in 2019.Materials and Methods: We included all the patients undergoing radiation therapy at our department in two-time points and during the COVID-19 outbreak. All the patients were asked to fulfill a validated questionnaire, the Symptom Distress thermometer, and the Beck Depression Inventory (...) v.2. We took into account the COVID-19 outbreak and also sex, age, week of radiation treatment, and disease.Results: We included 458 patients, with a median age of 64 years. STAI-Y1 median score was 40, whereas the median score of SDT was five and BDI-2 median score was 11. STAI-Y1, SDT, and BDI-2 were significantly correlated with the COVID-19 outbreak, sex, week of treatment, and disease.Conclusions: The prevalence of mood disorders in patients undergoing radiation therapy is higher than expected and even higher during the COVID-19 outbreak. These measurements could be useful as a baseline to start medical humanities programs to decrease these scores. (shrink)

Infant-directed speech, the particular form of spontaneous language observed in interactions between parents and their infants, is a crucial aspect of the mother-infant interaction and an index of the attunement of maternal linguistic input to her infant communicative abilities and needs during dyadic interactions. The present study aimed to explore linguistic and pragmatic features of IDS during mother-infant interactions at 3-month of infant age. The effects of infant, maternal and dyadic factors on IDS were explored. Results evidenced few differences between (...) the groups on IDS linguistic characteristics. Moreover, observing the interaction of birth status and dyadic co-regulation, full-term mothers varied their IDS pragmatic features according to the quality of co-regulation while preterm mothers did not. Parenting stress was associated to specific linguistic IDS features independently from the birth status. Findings are discussed underling implications for the study of preterm dyads interactions and the importance to consider the interplay of several factors in affecting the quality of IDS. (shrink)

Il libro intende fornire una ricostruzione dettagliata del dibattito, oggi centrale all’interno della teoria politica e democratica, tra due modelli costituzionali speculari: da un lato il cosiddetto “modello Washington”, che ricalca il sistema istituzionale degli Stati Uniti, dall’altro il “modello Westminster”, che invece descrive l’ordinamento britannico. Il libro ricostruisce il panorama liberal-democratico, discutendo i temi chiave di alcuni tra i maggiori teorici del costituzionalismo contemporaneo, a cominciare da John Rawls, Bruce Ackerman e Richard Bellamy. Attraverso il confronto tra modello dualista (...) e modello monista della democrazia costituzionale, il libro mira a gettare uno sguardo sulle interpretazioni, ma soprattutto sulle prospettive del costituzionalismo democratico contemporaneo, che si trova oggi a fronteggiare le sfide e i pericoli derivanti dal populismo. (shrink)

Starting from the consideration that today Michel Foucault's thought is “fashionable” in the more diverse fields of knowledge, the essay invites to rethink the work of the French philosophy. Focusing on a less known part of his writings, Romitelli explores the initial period of Foucault's production, in which History of Madness in the Classical Age of '61 is the main text, together with others among which there is The Order of Things of '66. This phase can be defined as a (...) structuralist and antihumanist one. Addressing, then, the later works, Romitelli analyzes the relationship between thought and politics in Foucault, starting from the concept of «onthology of oneself». Finally, the author sees in this political Foucault the occasion for a politics centred on the present and turned towards renovation. (shrink)

In questo eccellente saggio Carolle Metry‑Tresson offre un approfondito studio dell’aporetismo radicale che contraddistingue la strutturazione teoretica delle Aporie e soluzioni sui principî primi di Damascio, ultimo diadoco della scuola neoplatonica ateniese. In tale trattato, noto anche con il titolo sintetico di Peri archon, lo scolarca si cimenta in una serrata investigazione sui principî primi, caratterizzata dalla centralità dell’aporia, quale principio di movimento e fondamento metodol...

The purpose of this article is to investigate one of the most interesting and debated issues within the philosophical dis-cussion about politics: the metaphor of the body politic and its relation with the theory of sovereignty in contemporary political theory. After an opening section, which proposes a brief sketch about the origin of the body politic within phi-losophy (especially in Plato’s and Aristotle’s contributions), the article provides a theoretical insight of such a theory, by dealing with three of its definitions: (...) Kantorowicz’s “king’s two bodies”; Hobbes’ Leviathan and Schmitt’s theory of sovereignty. The article aims at presenting some arguments to de-fine these three perspectives, by examining – in the last sec-tion – how this paradigm has evolved into the more complex and articulated theory of the rule of law in contemporary democratic societies. (shrink)

This article deals with democratic constitutionalism in order to investigate the proper nature of constitutionalism, by wondering about its peculiarities and specific objects. Against this background, this essay aims at providing a paradigmatic definition of constitutional theory, for more specifically exploring its different undertones. For this reason, the first section of the article offers an analysis of the most relevant theoretical contributions within modern and contemporary constitutionalism. Thus, the first section explores Carl Schmitt’s, Hans Kelsen’s and Robert Dahl’s definition of (...) constitutional democracy. The second section then focuses with more attention on contemporary liberal-democratic constitutionalism, manly on one of the most debated issues: the dichotomy between legal and political models of constitutionalism, which goes hand in hand with a distinction between dualist and monistic accounts of democratic theory. The last section proposes an insight into the Italian constitutional system, by comparing it with the U.S. model, by especially focusing on the functioning and structure of the Constitutional Court compared to the U.S. Supreme Court. (shrink)

Le site d'éditeur indique : "Se il reale fosse semplice, non avremmo molto da pensare, saremmo di fronte alle parti ultime, agli elementi fondanti dell'essere; la complessità è dunque la vera causa, e il vero oggetto, del pensiero umano, sfida indefinitamente aperta per ricondurre il caos amorfo ad una máthesis universale. Non si può dunque fare la storia della complessità, si dovrebbe ripensare tutto il pensiero. Il non potere dire tutto non ci esime, tuttavia, dal dire qualcosa. Il tema della (...) complessità è attualmente oggetto di molte riflessioni da parte di studiosi di discipline tanto scientifiche quanto umanistiche. Il termine è utilizzato con sempre maggiore frequenza e di-mestichezza in diversi contesti di discussione e in numerose pubblicazioni, scientifiche e non, che negli ultimi decenni hanno trattato il tema, rischiando anche, talvolta, di contribuire a generare incertezza sulla corretta accezione. Sebbene l'uso 'popolare' del termine, riferito a situazioni di vita quotidiana, sia normalmente associato a problematiche di difficile se non di impossibile soluzione, l'accezione tecnica, propria degli studiosi di questa o quella disciplina, realizza invece un gradiente ampio di significati, non sempre sovrapponibili, e difficilmente riconducibili ad un comune denominatore. L'opera, nell'auspicio di offrire uno stimolo al lettore, sollecitandolo soprattutto a lasciarsi coinvolgere nell'appassionante dibattito che mette a confronto matrici culturali diverse, intende, innanzitutto, riconoscere la rilevanza del contributo di ogni singola prospettiva disciplinare, la cui capacità di andare in profondità e di cogliere aspetti particolari rimane insostituibile; d'altra parte, intende intercettare elementi di comunanza e di convergenza che consentono il recupero di una unitarietà dei fenomeni che sempre più spesso si vede frammentata nella separazione disciplinare, ma che rimane una realtà e forse soprattutto un valore.". (shrink)

In this paper I intend to explain why the practical aspects of Kantian metaphysics are obviously the main achievement of his Copernican Revolution. More than that, though: they are the key for understanding the Critical Philosophy itself. Setting off with some remarks on the Critique of Pure Reason, the paper delves into the critique of Practical Reason and ends with the Ceritique of Judgment, thus showing the interconnection of the three masterpieces within a new understanding of human reason as a (...) living organism. (shrink)

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the approach to the health-disease system, raising the question about the principles of bioethics present in physician–patient relations. The principles while widely accepted may not be sufficient for a comprehensive ethical analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the perception of these principles and the physician–patient relationship during a hospital stay through a qualitative approach. Method Sixteen semi-structured interviews took place to know the patients’ perception during their 2020 hospitalization for COVID-19. (...) The data was analyzed through the constant comparison method, creating categories and comparing them. In the end, seven categories were established and were grouped in three: bioethical principles (dignity, charity, vulnerability, autonomy), doctor-patient relationship (participant commitment, informed consent, health staff-patient relationship) and the experience of the disease (illness, the role of the family). Results The research found that most patients described a positive experience, with the feeling of having been well cared for with no sense of discrimination or injustice done. The majority also reported that their autonomy was respected in the treatment decisions. The evaluation of these attitudes is an area of opportunity, especially when the patients' vulnerability is at risk. Conclusions The ethics of virtue offers a better reflection of how human beings manifest themselves by emphasizing the development of virtuous character and behaviors that allow them to realize their values in life. Authorized by the Research Ethics Committee with registration: DI/18/105-B/3/308. (shrink)